Language is one of the best ways to know our nation's character and characteristics and record our thoughts and feelings. It's the intellectual environment in which we live and the link of the past with the present and the future.
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The Arabic Language
Arabic is among the most common Semitic languages in the Arab world and other countries. It's the southern part of the Semitic languages. Arabic is written from right to left and has 28 letters.Arabic is one of the six official languages recognised by the United Nations. The Arabic language has an international day on December 18 of each year. It's one of the essential languages in terms of linguistic material, with 12.3 million words and 16,000 linguistic roots. It's one of the four most used languages on the Internet.
The Arabic language is called by several titles, the most famous of which is 'the language of the Quran.' The second title is 'The Language of Dhad' since the letter Da'ad - ض - can't be found in any other language than Arabic.
The History of the Arabic Language
There are many different opinions about the birth of the Arabic language. Some say that it's the language of Ishmael (peace be upon him). Others believe that it's the language of Adam in paradise. And some confirm that it developed in Kinda in the sixth century AD. But what can't be denied is that the emergence of Islam strengthened the Arabic language and elevated its status among countries.Arabic is the language of the Quran, and prayer in Islam isn't performed without it. Arabic is also the primary ritual language of many Christian churches in the Arab world. Many of the most important Jewish religious and intellectual works of the Middle Ages were written in Arabic. The books of Maimonides in philosophy, Judah Halevi in poetry, and Isaac el Fassi in interpreting the Torah, greatly impacted the Jewish language, religion, and literature.
Arabic influenced other languages such as Persian, Turkish, Urdu, and Swahili, introducing the letters of the script and many expressions.
Varieties of the Arabic language
The Arabic language has been classified into three main categories.
- Traditional Arabic (the texts of the Quran, Quranic Arabic) is used in religious institutions and education
- official Arabic (literature and non-religious institutions).
- Colloquial Arabic, used by most Arabs with their dialect, differs from region to region.
Characteristics of the Arabic Language
- The language of the Noble Quran, the Prophet Muhammad (pbuh), and the language of the Islamic heritage.
- Its vocabulary is considered one of the wealthiest dictionaries of language.
- Calligraphy: It's distinguished by its artistic beauty and its different forms: Naskh, Persian, Kufic, and Maghrebian calligraphy.
- Acoustic properties: The Arabic language has the widest phoneme, where the letter outputs are distributed between the lips and the throat's end.
- Derivation: Words share some of their letters and some of their sounds: books (kotoub) – writer (katib) – writing (yaktob)…
- Brevity in the written language: For example, the surah (Al-Fatiha), which contains 31 words in the Quran, took 70 words to translate into English.